What is the difference between purgatives and laxatives

Constipation and Diarrhoea Bowel Movement Habit Bowel movement the time pattern of discharging stool varies a lot between individuals. The reason for constipation includes poor eating habit e. Besides, constipation can also be caused by emotions, medications, and underlying medical condition. Diarrhoea If you have loose and watery stools, it may be diarrhoea.

For diarrhoea, apart from stomach cramp, you may have nausea and vomiting. Your anus area may also become red. Because you are losing excessive water from the stools, you may feel very weak.

Sometimes, diarrhoea is accompanied by headache and fever. Diarrhoea is usually caused by poor eating hygiene e. Poor personal hygiene may exacerbate the problem of diarrhoea. Apart from these, medications, emotions, and other underlying medical condition can also lead to diarrhoea. In the case where the constipation is caused by side effect of drug or underlying medical condition, consult a healthcare provider to assess if there is a need to switch to another medication that is not likely to cause constipation, or consider treating the underlying disease first.

However, when these are not effective or unfeasible, laxatives may be used with medical consultation. II For diarrhoea Most cases of diarrhoea are self-limiting, which means that diarrhoea can be recovered after a few days without treatment. In severe or persistent diarrhoea, drinking plenty of fluids and replenishing electrolyte to avoid dehydration is of primary importance. Antidiarrhoeal is rarely necessary, but a short course as advised by healthcare professionals may be considered useful to reduce the symptomatic discomfort and inconvenience of frequent bowel movements.

For constipation of stuffy hard stool, rectal preparations such as suppositories or enemas may be considered. They are generally considered the safest and are appropriate for patients with small hard stools.

Nevertheless, they do not work until after a few days of consumption and patients need to take plenty of fluids. Examples of bulk laxatives include methylcellulose, wheat bran, ispaghula, psyllium and sterculia. Examples of stimulant laxatives are bisacodyl, senna, glycerol and sodium picosulfate. They have a more rapid onset of action about 6 to 12 hours than bulk laxatives, and are usually given at night to help produce a bowel movement the following morning. Glycerol suppositories are normally used when a bowel movement is needed quickly, with onset of action of about 15 to 30 minutes.

Osmotic laxatives draw fluid into the bowel, and facilitate bowel movement with bulky and softer stools. Examples include macrogols, saline laxatives such as magnesium hydroxide, and poorly absorbed sugars such as lactulose or sorbitol. Stool softeners add moisture to stools, and make them softer and easier to pass out of the body.

They have added value for patients with haemorrhoids or anal fissures, or for those who is vulnerable in stool straining, is potentially hazardous such as the elderly or those with existing cardiovascular disease.

Docusate is one of the examples. Common side effects and precautions of Laxatives Types of Laxatives Common side effects Precautions 1. Bulk laxatives Bloating and flatulence Abdominal distension Gastro-intestinal obstruction or impaction Hypersensitivity Must be taken with plenty of water, otherwise increase risk of obstruction Should not be taken immediately before going to bed Use with cautions in elderly, or debilitated patients, or those with intestinal narrowing or decreased motility Avoid use in patients with difficulty in swallowing, intestinal obstruction and faecal impaction 2.

Stimulant laxatives Abdominal cramp Nausea and vomiting Diarrhoea Local irritation if suppository preparation is used Tolerance Avoid use in patients with intestinal obstruction, acute inflammatory bowel disease and severe dehydration 3.

Stool softeners Abdominal cramp Nausea Skin rash Avoid use in patients with intestinal obstruction. General advice on taking Laxatives Laxatives should only be taken occasionally and on a short-term basis. Classification of Antidiarrhoeals Antidiarrhoeals can be classified into two main categories: adsorbents and antimotility drugs. Common side effects and precautions of Antidiarrhoeals Types of Laxatives Common side effects Precautions 1.

Adsorbents Constipation Bloating Fullness Not recommended for acute diarrhoea 2. Antimotility drugs Abdominal bloating or cramp Nausea and vomiting Dry mouth Constipation Dizziness Drowsiness Skin rash Should be avoided in patients with abdominal distension, or antibiotic-associated colitis Use with caution in patients with hepatic impairment.

Hydrolysed in gut through deacetylation and converted to active form which produces low grade inflammation as a result of which motility and secretions are increased. Triglyceride component is acted upon by pancreatic lipases as result of which glycerol and ricinoleic acid is formed. Ricinoleic acid has prokinetic activity. Neither digested nor absorbed. Converted into organic acid, decrease pH of colon, converts ammonium into non-absorbable ammonium ion and thus decreases ammonia absorption.

Anti-Metabolites Anti metabolites are used to inhibit different metabolic pathways, as rate of metabolism and …. Feel free to surf to my page … your input here. Wow, superb blog layout! How long have you been blogging for?

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