When was smoking advertised




















Minus Related Pages. On This Page. Marketing to Specific Populations References. Marketing to Specific Populations. Youth and Young Adults Scientific evidence shows that tobacco company advertising and promotion influences young people to start using tobacco. Middle School Students: 5 High School Students: 5 Cigarette Report for pdf icon [PDF — 1. Washington: Federal Trade Commission, [accessed Apr 27].

Census Bureau. Washington: U. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, [accessed Apr 16]. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , 68 45 ; Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report ;67 4 —24 [accessed Apr 17]. The peddling of tobacco products during this period often involved deliberately masking the hazards of smoking—indeed, the ads frequently claimed or implied that smoking was healthful. Tobacco marketers featured healthy, vigorous, fun-loving people in their ads. Often these were celebrity figures from sports and entertainment fields, other times they featured actors portraying physicians, dentists, or scientists.

Some ads tapped into concerns about weight gain; some portrayed the middle-class comforts of home, holiday, recreation, or family pets. For historians wanting to study the role of advertising, popular culture, and image-making on public attitudes and the social acceptability of smoking, this museum holds unparalleled research collections.

Among the most colorful and provocative are the over 10, tobacco advertisements in the museum's Archives Center , recently donated to the Smithsonian by Dr. Robert K. Jackler and his wife, the artist Laurie M. Motivated by the death of his mother from cancer, Dr. Jackler sought to document the concerted effort to popularize smoking, and the conscious attempt to obfuscate smoking's known health hazards.

Working with his wife and Stanford University historian of science Robert N. Proctor, Jackler not only preserved the full range of tobacco ads but compiled a database that allows users to search on particular themes , including ads featuring babies and young people. Jackler collected a ad for the American Tobacco Company's Lucky Strike cigarettes shown at the top of this post as the epitome of the era's "manipulative quackery.

Advertisements often sought to reassure the public by showing health professionals making false claims, such as "Luckies are less irritating" and "Your Throat Protection—against irritation—against cough.

In , the advertising agency for R. Reynolds Tobacco Company began using the KOOL penguin icon to pitch the menthol-flavored cigarettes during presidential elections. The penguin was illustrated as a calming arbitrator between mascots of the two competing political parties, and thereby implied that smoking KOOLs was a calming choice for supporters of either party. Johnson and his Republican challenger, Barry Goldwater. Advertisers also made extensive use of celebrities. An ad that appeared around featured the actor Ronald Reagan, who assured readers that he was "sending Chesterfields to all my friends.

That's the merriest Christmas any smoker can have—Chesterfield mildness plus no unpleasant after-taste. Tobacco marketers sought to engage young customers by exploiting a connection to animals, both real and imaginary. Old Gold cigarettes launched a post-World War II advertising campaign revolving around beloved family pets, such as in a ad showcasing a pair of finger-trained budgerigars.

American corporations enthusiastically tagged products to the women's movement. The highly successful marketing campaign—with the memorable tagline, "You've come a long way, baby"—targeted young, professional women by co-opting the phrases, imagery, and values of the political movement and eventually sponsoring major tennis tournaments for women.

For a long time, physicians were the authority on health. Patients trusted in their doctors' education and expertise and, for the most part, followed their advice. When health concerns about cigarettes began to receive public attention in the s, tobacco companies took preemptive action. Thus was born the use of physicians in cigarette advertisements. The companies saw a threat to their success and business model. The answer was to use medical research and physicians to show the public that cigarettes were not harmful.

Although the doctors in these advertisements were always actors and not real physicians, the image of the physician permeated cigarette ads for the next two and a half decades. During the s, Lucky Strike was the dominant cigarette brand.

This brand, made by American Tobacco Company, was the first to use the image of a physician in its advertisements. The company claimed that its toasting process made its cigarettes a smoother smoke. By the mids, Lucky Strike had some competition. A new advertising campaign for Philip Morris referred to research conducted by physicians.

Physicians were also not immune to the addictions of cigarettes and tobacco products and tobacco companies knew it. Many physicians still doubted that there was a wide-spread connection between smoking and disease. Instead it was believed that only certain individuals' health was affected by smoking; it was thought to be a case-by-case situation.

Now the company was able to refer to research findings in their advertisements, both to consumers and to physicians.



0コメント

  • 1000 / 1000